The Simien Mountains, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in northern Ethiopia, feature dramatic escarpments, deep valleys, and jagged peaks reaching 4,550 meters at Ras Dejen. This Afroalpine paradise protects endemic species like the Walia ibex, gelada baboon, and Ethiopian wolf. Hiking trails from Sankaber to Imet Gogo offer panoramic vistas and giant lobelia forests, with trekking options ranging from day hikes to multi-day adventures.
Ethiopia's largest national park in the western Gambella Region hosts the spectacular migration of 1.2 million white-eared kob, rivaling the Serengeti. Spanning savannas and wetlands between the Baro and Akobo rivers, it shelters Nubian giraffes, elephants, hippos, and the rare shoebill stork. Boat safaris on the Baro River reveal Nile crocodiles and over 300 bird species. The dry season (November–March) offers prime wildlife viewing, with emerging eco-lodges supporting conservation efforts.
In southwest Ethiopia, Chebera Churchura protects over 500 African elephants in its lush Meka Forest, alongside lions, leopards, and 237 bird species. Crater lakes like Bulo attract hippos and waterfowl, while the Zigina River cascades into Borbo Falls. Hot springs at Filwuha provide therapeutic soaks amidst the wilderness. Guided treks and camping immerse visitors in this untouched 1,215 km² park, best explored March–June for elephant sightings and bird activity.
In the Afar Region, the Danakil Depression plunges 125 meters below sea level, featuring colorful hydrothermal fields, acid pools, and active volcanoes like Erta Ale's perpetual lava lake. Salt flats mined by Afar nomads shimmer under the sun, while Dallol's neon-yellow sulfur formations resemble an alien planet. Camel treks and guided tours reveal this extreme environment, home to extremophile microbes. Visit November–March to avoid peak heat (up to 50°C), with overnight camping at Erta Ale for lava viewing.
In southeast Ethiopia, the Bale Mountains rise to 4,377 meters at Tullu Deemtu, protecting the endangered Ethiopian wolf the world's rarest canid alongside mountain nyala and giant mole rats. Afroalpine moorlands bloom with red-hot pokers, while the Harenna Forest harbors colobus monkeys and 1,300 plant species. Trekking routes like the Sanetti Plateau offer misty vistas and endemic birds.